Definitions #
A special import tax placed on goods that received subsidies from their home government, to level the playing field.
Technical An extra duty imposed under WTO rules on imported products whose production or export benefitted from prohibited or actionable subsidies, offsetting the trade-distorting advantage.
Example The EU imposed a countervailing duty of 15% on steel sheets from China after investigating state subsidies.
In customs practice, the penalty or fee added to the normal tariff to neutralize unfair government support.
Technical A CVD is levied in addition to basic customs duty when a subsidy is found to cause material injury to domestic industry, per national trade remedy laws.
Etymology #
From counter (against) + vail (to prevail or be effective) + duty; the term appeared in 19th-century trade policy.
Collocations #
- countervailing duty investigation 反补贴调查
- countervailing duty rate 反补贴税率
- impose a countervailing duty 征收反补贴税
Real Business Examples #
- The customs authority levied a countervailing duty on the imported agricultural products after the subsidy probe.
- Exporters can request a review of the countervailing duty if they believe the subsidy has been removed.
Register & Variants #
- Register: formal
- BrE/AmE: 全球通用，美式简写 CVD 常用，英式较正式
Synonyms & Antonyms #
- Synonyms: anti-subsidy duty, subsidy tariff
- Antonyms: regular duty
Common Errors #
- 将 countervailing duty 与 anti-dumping duty 混淆 反补贴税针对政府补贴，反倾销税针对低价倾销；两者可同时征收。
- 误写为 counteract duty 正确术语是 countervailing duty，来自 'countervail' 一词。
Confusable Terms #
- Anti-dumping Duty vs Countervailing Duty
- Anti-dumping duty targets below-cost exports, while CVD targets subsidies.
Frequently Asked Questions
谁能提出反补贴调查？?
通常由国内产业或代表其的机构向主管机关申请，需提供补贴和损害证据。
CVD 会永久征收吗？?
不一定，通常有日落复审，若补贴或损害撤销则终止。
Published: 2026-09-24 Category: Customs & Clearance